Integrand size = 31, antiderivative size = 87 \[ \int \frac {A+B \sec (c+d x)+C \sec ^2(c+d x)}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=-\frac {2 B E\left (\left .\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right |2\right )}{d}+\frac {2 (3 A+C) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x),2\right )}{3 d}+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}+\frac {2 B \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}} \]
-2*B*(cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)/cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)*EllipticE(sin(1/2*d*x +1/2*c),2^(1/2))/d+2/3*(3*A+C)*(cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)/cos(1/2*d*x+1/ 2*c)*EllipticF(sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c),2^(1/2))/d+2/3*C*sin(d*x+c)/d/cos(d*x+c) ^(3/2)+2*B*sin(d*x+c)/d/cos(d*x+c)^(1/2)
Time = 0.69 (sec) , antiderivative size = 69, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.79 \[ \int \frac {A+B \sec (c+d x)+C \sec ^2(c+d x)}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\frac {-6 B E\left (\left .\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right |2\right )+2 (3 A+C) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x),2\right )+\frac {2 (C+3 B \cos (c+d x)) \sin (c+d x)}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}}{3 d} \]
(-6*B*EllipticE[(c + d*x)/2, 2] + 2*(3*A + C)*EllipticF[(c + d*x)/2, 2] + (2*(C + 3*B*Cos[c + d*x])*Sin[c + d*x])/Cos[c + d*x]^(3/2))/(3*d)
Time = 0.55 (sec) , antiderivative size = 92, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.06, number of steps used = 12, number of rules used = 12, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.387, Rules used = {3042, 4552, 3042, 3500, 27, 3042, 3227, 3042, 3116, 3042, 3119, 3120}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {A+B \sec (c+d x)+C \sec ^2(c+d x)}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {A+B \sec (c+d x)+C \sec (c+d x)^2}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4552 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {A \cos ^2(c+d x)+B \cos (c+d x)+C}{\cos ^{\frac {5}{2}}(c+d x)}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {A \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )^2+B \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )+C}{\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )^{5/2}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3500 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {2}{3} \int \frac {3 B+(3 A+C) \cos (c+d x)}{2 \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}dx+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 27 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \int \frac {3 B+(3 A+C) \cos (c+d x)}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}dx+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \int \frac {3 B+(3 A+C) \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}{\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )^{3/2}}dx+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3227 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left ((3 A+C) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}dx+3 B \int \frac {1}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}dx\right )+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left ((3 A+C) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}}dx+3 B \int \frac {1}{\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )^{3/2}}dx\right )+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3116 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left ((3 A+C) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}}dx+3 B \left (\frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}-\int \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}dx\right )\right )+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left ((3 A+C) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}}dx+3 B \left (\frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}-\int \sqrt {\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}dx\right )\right )+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3119 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left ((3 A+C) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}}dx+3 B \left (\frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}-\frac {2 E\left (\left .\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right |2\right )}{d}\right )\right )+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3120 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {2 (3 A+C) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x),2\right )}{d}+3 B \left (\frac {2 \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}-\frac {2 E\left (\left .\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right |2\right )}{d}\right )\right )+\frac {2 C \sin (c+d x)}{3 d \cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x)}\) |
(2*C*Sin[c + d*x])/(3*d*Cos[c + d*x]^(3/2)) + ((2*(3*A + C)*EllipticF[(c + d*x)/2, 2])/d + 3*B*((-2*EllipticE[(c + d*x)/2, 2])/d + (2*Sin[c + d*x])/ (d*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]])))/3
3.12.84.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] && !Ma tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
Int[((b_.)*sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)])^(n_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[Cos[c + d*x]*(( b*Sin[c + d*x])^(n + 1)/(b*d*(n + 1))), x] + Simp[(n + 2)/(b^2*(n + 1)) I nt[(b*Sin[c + d*x])^(n + 2), x], x] /; FreeQ[{b, c, d}, x] && LtQ[n, -1] && IntegerQ[2*n]
Int[Sqrt[sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)]], x_Symbol] :> Simp[(2/d)*EllipticE[(1/2)* (c - Pi/2 + d*x), 2], x] /; FreeQ[{c, d}, x]
Int[1/Sqrt[sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)]], x_Symbol] :> Simp[(2/d)*EllipticF[(1/2 )*(c - Pi/2 + d*x), 2], x] /; FreeQ[{c, d}, x]
Int[((b_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(m_)*((c_) + (d_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x _)]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c Int[(b*Sin[e + f*x])^m, x], x] + Simp[d/b Int [(b*Sin[e + f*x])^(m + 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{b, c, d, e, f, m}, x]
Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(m_)*((A_.) + (B_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)] + (C_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^2), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-(A*b^2 - a*b*B + a^2*C))*Cos[e + f*x]*((a + b*Sin[e + f*x])^(m + 1)/(b*f*(m + 1)* (a^2 - b^2))), x] + Simp[1/(b*(m + 1)*(a^2 - b^2)) Int[(a + b*Sin[e + f*x ])^(m + 1)*Simp[b*(a*A - b*B + a*C)*(m + 1) - (A*b^2 - a*b*B + a^2*C + b*(A *b - a*B + b*C)*(m + 1))*Sin[e + f*x], x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, e, f, A, B, C}, x] && LtQ[m, -1] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0]
Int[(cos[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(b_.))^(m_)*((A_.) + (B_.)*sec[(e_.) + (f_.)*( x_)] + (C_.)*sec[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^2), x_Symbol] :> Simp[b^2 Int[(b*Cos [e + f*x])^(m - 2)*(C + B*Cos[e + f*x] + A*Cos[e + f*x]^2), x], x] /; FreeQ [{b, e, f, A, B, C, m}, x] && !IntegerQ[m]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(499\) vs. \(2(131)=262\).
Time = 2.76 (sec) , antiderivative size = 500, normalized size of antiderivative = 5.75
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {2 \sqrt {-\left (-2 \cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}+1\right ) \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}}\, \left (6 A \sqrt {2 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-1}\, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{2}}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ), \sqrt {2}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-12 B \cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4}+6 B \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{2}}\, \sqrt {2 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-1}\, \operatorname {EllipticE}\left (\cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ), \sqrt {2}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}+2 C \sqrt {2 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-1}\, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{2}}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ), \sqrt {2}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-3 A \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{2}}\, \sqrt {2 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-1}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ), \sqrt {2}\right )+6 B \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2} \cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-3 B \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{2}}\, \sqrt {2 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-1}\, \operatorname {EllipticE}\left (\cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ), \sqrt {2}\right )+2 C \cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-C \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{2}}\, \sqrt {2 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-1}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ), \sqrt {2}\right )\right ) \sqrt {-2 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4}+\sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}}}{3 \left (4 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4}-4 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}+1\right ) \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{3} \sqrt {2 \cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-1}\, d}\) | \(500\) |
2/3*(-(-2*cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2+1)*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)/(4*sin(1/2*d *x+1/2*c)^4-4*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2+1)/sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^3*(6*A*(2*sin(1/2 *d*x+1/2*c)^2-1)^(1/2)*(sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)*EllipticF(cos(1/2*d*x+ 1/2*c),2^(1/2))*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-12*B*cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)*sin(1/2*d*x+1 /2*c)^4+6*B*(sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)*(2*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-1)^(1/2)* EllipticE(cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c),2^(1/2))*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2+2*C*(2*sin(1/2* d*x+1/2*c)^2-1)^(1/2)*(sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)*EllipticF(cos(1/2*d*x+1 /2*c),2^(1/2))*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-3*A*(sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)*(2*si n(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-1)^(1/2)*EllipticF(cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c),2^(1/2))+6*B*sin( 1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2*cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)-3*B*(sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)*(2*si n(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-1)^(1/2)*EllipticE(cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c),2^(1/2))+2*C*cos( 1/2*d*x+1/2*c)*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-C*(sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)*(2*sin( 1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-1)^(1/2)*EllipticF(cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c),2^(1/2)))*(-2*sin(1 /2*d*x+1/2*c)^4+sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)/(2*cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-1)^(1/ 2)/d
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 4.
Time = 0.10 (sec) , antiderivative size = 185, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.13 \[ \int \frac {A+B \sec (c+d x)+C \sec ^2(c+d x)}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (-3 i \, A - i \, C\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (-4, 0, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + i \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )\right ) + \sqrt {2} {\left (3 i \, A + i \, C\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (-4, 0, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - i \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )\right ) - 3 i \, \sqrt {2} B \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (-4, 0, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (-4, 0, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + i \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )\right )\right ) + 3 i \, \sqrt {2} B \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (-4, 0, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (-4, 0, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - i \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )\right )\right ) + 2 \, {\left (3 \, B \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + C\right )} \sqrt {\cos \left (d x + c\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{3 \, d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2}} \]
1/3*(sqrt(2)*(-3*I*A - I*C)*cos(d*x + c)^2*weierstrassPInverse(-4, 0, cos( d*x + c) + I*sin(d*x + c)) + sqrt(2)*(3*I*A + I*C)*cos(d*x + c)^2*weierstr assPInverse(-4, 0, cos(d*x + c) - I*sin(d*x + c)) - 3*I*sqrt(2)*B*cos(d*x + c)^2*weierstrassZeta(-4, 0, weierstrassPInverse(-4, 0, cos(d*x + c) + I* sin(d*x + c))) + 3*I*sqrt(2)*B*cos(d*x + c)^2*weierstrassZeta(-4, 0, weier strassPInverse(-4, 0, cos(d*x + c) - I*sin(d*x + c))) + 2*(3*B*cos(d*x + c ) + C)*sqrt(cos(d*x + c))*sin(d*x + c))/(d*cos(d*x + c)^2)
\[ \int \frac {A+B \sec (c+d x)+C \sec ^2(c+d x)}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int \frac {A + B \sec {\left (c + d x \right )} + C \sec ^{2}{\left (c + d x \right )}}{\sqrt {\cos {\left (c + d x \right )}}}\, dx \]
\[ \int \frac {A+B \sec (c+d x)+C \sec ^2(c+d x)}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int { \frac {C \sec \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + B \sec \left (d x + c\right ) + A}{\sqrt {\cos \left (d x + c\right )}} \,d x } \]
\[ \int \frac {A+B \sec (c+d x)+C \sec ^2(c+d x)}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int { \frac {C \sec \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + B \sec \left (d x + c\right ) + A}{\sqrt {\cos \left (d x + c\right )}} \,d x } \]
Time = 0.40 (sec) , antiderivative size = 103, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.18 \[ \int \frac {A+B \sec (c+d x)+C \sec ^2(c+d x)}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\frac {2\,A\,\mathrm {F}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\middle |2\right )}{d}+\frac {2\,B\,\sin \left (c+d\,x\right )\,{{}}_2{\mathrm {F}}_1\left (-\frac {1}{4},\frac {1}{2};\ \frac {3}{4};\ {\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}^2\right )}{d\,\sqrt {\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}\,\sqrt {{\sin \left (c+d\,x\right )}^2}}+\frac {2\,C\,\sin \left (c+d\,x\right )\,{{}}_2{\mathrm {F}}_1\left (-\frac {3}{4},\frac {1}{2};\ \frac {1}{4};\ {\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}^2\right )}{3\,d\,{\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}^{3/2}\,\sqrt {{\sin \left (c+d\,x\right )}^2}} \]